Beginning the complex process of scaling up to large-scale manufacturing in parallel with clinical trials expedited the traditional vaccine development timeline so that initial doses could begin shipping when the U.S. The companies began manufacturing doses of their vaccines at the same time that clinical trials were getting underway last year. While we rapidly ramp up the pace of vaccinations, I encourage everyone to take actions now to protect themselves and their families: wear a mask, wash your hands often, and practice physical distancing.” “These purchases will allow us to accelerate our vaccination efforts to get shots into the arms of the American people. “As the President directed, we are expanding our supply of COVID vaccines to protect people as quickly as possible,” said Acting HHS Secretary Norris Cochran. Each company will leverage U.S.-based manufacturing capacity to fill, finish and ship vials as the bulk material is produced.” Each company is delivering 300 million doses in regular increments through the end of July 2021. government from these two companies to a total of 600 million doses, enough to vaccinate 300 million people. The orders placed today bring the vaccine purchased by the U.S. to help meet demand for COVID-19 vaccines in the United States. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and Department of Defense (DOD) have purchased an additional 100 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines from both Pfizer Inc. The dawn of mRNA vaccines: The COVID-19 case. Verbeke R, Lentacker I, De Smedt SC, Dewitte H. Messenger RNA-based vaccines: Past, present, and future directions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Jain S, Venkataraman A, Wechsler ME, Peppas NA. Scientific journal articles for further reading Researchers are studying how mRNA might be used to develop vaccines for additional diseases. These vaccines use mRNA that directs cells to produce copies of a protein on the outside of the coronavirus known as the “spike protein”. Currently vaccines for COVID-19, the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, are the only authorized or approved mRNA vaccines. Like all vaccines in the United States, mRNA vaccines require authorization or approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) before they can be used. If a person is exposed to a virus after receiving mRNA vaccination for it, antibodies can quickly recognize it, attach to it, and mark it for destruction before it can cause serious illness. Once produced, antibodies remain in the body, even after the body has rid itself of the pathogen, so that the immune system can quickly respond if exposed again. Antibodies help protect the body against infection by recognizing individual viruses or other pathogens, attaching to them, and marking the pathogens for destruction. As part of a normal immune response, the immune system recognizes that the protein is foreign and produces specialized proteins called antibodies. (Individuals who get an mRNA vaccine are not exposed to the virus, nor can they become infected with the virus by the vaccine.) By using this mRNA, cells can produce the viral protein. MRNA vaccines work by introducing a piece of mRNA that corresponds to a viral protein, usually a small piece of a protein found on the virus’s outer membrane. mRNA from vaccines does not enter the nucleus and does not alter DNA. Once cells finish making a protein, they quickly break down the mRNA. Messenger RNA is a type of RNA that is necessary for protein production. However, scientists have developed a new type of vaccine that uses a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA) rather than part of an actual bacteria or virus. Most vaccines contain a weakened or dead bacteria or virus. All vaccines introduce into the body a harmless piece of a particular bacteria or virus, triggering an immune response. Vaccines help prevent infection by preparing the body to fight foreign invaders (such as bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens).
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